Medical DevicesSucampo Reports Top-Line Results Of Phase 2 Clinical Trial Of Cobiprostone For Prevention Of NSAID-Induced Gastrointestinal Injuries
Sucampo Pharma Americas, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Sucampo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ:SCMP), today reported top-line results from its phase 2 clinical trial of orally administered cobiprostone for the prevention of gastric ulcers and other gastrointestinal injuries in patients treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
A total of 124 patients with osteoarthritis and/or rheumatoid arthritis at 12 sites in the U.S. were enrolled in this 12-week, double-blinded, randomized, dose-ranging and placebo-controlled phase 2 trial. All patients in the trial received 500 mg of naproxen twice a day. There were four treatment cohorts: one cohort received placebo while the other three cohorts received 18 mcg of cobiprostone either once, twice or three times a day (daily totals of 18, 36 or 54 mcg, respectively).
Efficacy endpoints that were evaluated included: the overall incidence of gastric ulcers during the 12-week treatment period; overall incidence of duodenal ulcers; change in the number of ulcers and/or erosions (gastric and duodenal) by patient; time-to-onset analysis of ulcer and/or erosion development; and the severity of overall gastrointestinal injury measured on a standardized grading scale.
A top-line analysis of data from the trial indicates that patients receiving cobiprostone experienced a lower overall incidence of ulcers: at Week 12, patients receiving the 54 mcg dose experienced a 50.0% reduction in the overall incidence of gastric ulcers when compared to patients taking placebo. Cobiprostone patients experienced an overall statistically significant reduction in the number of gastric erosions through the treatment period of twelve weeks compared to placebo patients. The reduction of gastric erosions through Week 12 was dose dependent, with 36 mcg and 54 mcg demonstrating statistical significance. The time-to-onset of all ulcer or erosion development was delayed in the cobiprostone cohorts with overall statistical significance across the 12 week treatment period.
The retention rates of patients taking naproxen with cobiprostone at Week 12 were statistically significant when compared to patients taking naproxen with placebo and increased in a dose-dependent manner. The rates were 40% for placebo vs. 47%, 52% and 77% for cobiprostone 18 mcg, 36 mcg and 54 mcg, respectively. The median number of days in the treatment period was 55.0 days for patients taking placebo compared to 60.0, 82.0, and 83.0 days for cobiprostone 18 mcg, 36 mcg and 54 mcg, respectively.
Overall, the data showed cobiprostone was well tolerated in patients receiving NSAID therapy. The related overall adverse event rates were 66.7% for placebo, compared to 60.0%, 71.0% and 67.7% for cobiprostone 18 mcg, 36 mcg and 54 mcg, respectively. The most common related adverse events were: diarrhea, at 13.3% for placebo compared to 13.3%, 32.3% and 35.5% for cobiprostone 18 mcg, 36 mcg and 54 mcg, respectively; nausea, at 10.0% for placebo vs. 10.0%, 16.1% and 16.1% for cobiprostone 18 mcg, 36 mcg and 54 mcg, respectively; and gastritis, at 13.3% for placebo vs. 13.3%, 6.5% and 9.7% for cobiprostone 18 mcg, 36 mcg and 54 mcg, respectively. The drug-related gastrointestinal adverse event rates were 66.7% for placebo vs. 60.0%, 67.7%, and 67.7% for cobiprostone 18 mcg, 36 mcg and 54 mcg, respectively, which suggest that gastrointestinal adverse events other than diarrhea and nausea may be related to the naproxen therapy. Withdrawal rates from the trial due to an adverse event were: 21.9% for placebo vs. 13.3%, 16.1% and, 16.1% for cobiprostone 18 mcg, 36 mcg and 54 mcg, respectively.
Ryuji Ueno, M.D., Ph.D., Ph.D., Chair and CEO of Sucampo Pharmaceuticals, Inc., said, "I am pleased with these results. We believe cobiprostone may have the potential to offer patients a new treatment strategy for the prevention of gastrointestinal injuries associated with NSAID therapy. We look forward to working with our investigators to determine the next steps in clinical development. We also intend to initiate contact with potential commercialization partners to understand the possible commercial alternatives if cobiprostone succeeds in further clinical development."
About cobiprostone
Cobiprostone is a functional fatty acid and a member of a class of compounds called prostones. It is a locally acting chloride channel activator that Sucampo believes has potent activities in the gastrointestinal tract. In pre-clinical cellular assays, cobiprostone dose-dependently activated type-2 chloride channels in a protein kinase A independent fashion. In animal studies, cobiprostone protected against formation of ulcers induced by indomethacin, an NSAID, and ulcers induced by stress and demonstrated an acceptable safety profile at what Sucampo believes are clinically relevant doses.
Sucampo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. holds exclusive worldwide rights to develop and commercialize cobiprostone for all indications.
About NSAID-Induced Gastric Ulcers
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly used drugs worldwide. Although the analgesic, anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory properties of NSAIDs are very effective for the treatment of pain and inflammation, long-term use can cause gastrointestinal injury ranging from upset stomach to ulcer formation and gastrointestinal bleeding.
Sucampo Pharmaceuticals, Inc